Buying a Train Ticket – Chinese Language Guide with Vocabulary and Phrases

In this post I will discuss useful phrases and vocabulary for catching long distance trains. I will step through a sample dialogue and follow that up with vocabulary lists and useful phrases.

Types of train in Chinese

The general word for a vehicle is chē (chē), this  can be used for all types of vehicles, however specific names for trains are:

  • High Speed Trains: gāolièchē (gāosù lièchē)
  • Subway: tiě (dìtiě)
  • Long Distance Train: chánglièchē (chángtú lièchē)

Long Distance and High Speed Trains in China

Catching in a long distance or high speed train in a country like China is not as straight forward as taking the subway and is more similar to catching a plane whereby you should pre-book your ticket, arrive early and will need to wait in a waiting area prior to boarding.

There are four classes of seats on Chinese long distance trains:

  • Hard Seat: yìngzuò (yìngzuò)
  • Soft Seat: ruǎnzuò (ruǎnzuò)
  • Hard Sleeper: yìng (yìngwò)
  • Soft Sleeper: ruǎn (ruǎnwò)

For sleepers there are three bunks:

  • xià (xià pù) the lower bunk
  • zhōng (zhōng pù) middle bunk
  • shàng (shàng pù) upper bunk

Sample Dialogue

This is a sample dialogue between a customer wanting to buy a train ticket and the sales (or customer service) staff at the sales counter:

<customer>
Hello, I’d like a ticket from Beijing to Shanghai.

hǎo, yàomǎizhāngcóngBěijīngdàoShànghǎidepiào
nǐ hǎo, wǒ yào mǎi yī zhāng cóng běijīng dào shànghǎi de piào

<ticketing staff>
Do you want a sleeper or seat?
yàoháishizuòpiào?
nǐ yào wò pù hái shì zuò piào

I would like a soft sleeper
xiǎngzhāngruǎndepiào
wǒ xiǎng yī zhāng ruǎnwò de piào

When did you want to depart?
xiǎngshénmeshíjiān??
nǐ xiǎng shénme shíjiān qù?

piàoTomorrow at 10am
míngtiānshídiǎnzǎoshang
míngtiān shí diǎn zǎoshang

There is a train at 8:30 and one at 10:15.
yǒutànghuǒchēshì99::3300,háiyǒutànghuǒchēshì1100:1155..
yǒuyī tàng huǒchē shì 9:30, hái yǒuyī tàng huǒchē shì 10:15.

I will take the train which departs at 8:30
yàochéngdiǎnbànzhōngkāidehuǒchē

wǒ yào chéng bā diǎn zhōng kāi de huǒ chē

That is $150
shìbǎishíyuán
nà shì yībǎi wǔshí yuán

<makes payment>
Thank you
xièxie
xièxiè

This is your ticket
zhèshìdepiàolíngqián
zhè shì nǐ de piào

Thank you
xièxie
xièxiè

Dialogue Explanation

In this section I will walk through the dialogue sentence by sentence:

yào mǎi zhāng cóng
yào mǎi yī zhāng cóng
I want (to buy) one (unit of) from
Běijīng dào Shànghǎi de piào
běijīng dào shànghǎi de piào
Bejing to Shanghai (possession) ticket

While in English you might say “I want (to buy) a ticket from Beijing to Shanghai”, in Chinese the sentence order isn’t quite the same as in this case the “from Beijing to Shanghai” describes the type of ticket, it is not just any ticket, but a “Beijing to Shanghai” ticket. You could not change the order, that is you couldn’t say yàomǎizhāngpiàocóngBěijīngdàoShànghǎi.

A second point here is the use of 到 between Shanghai and Beijing. dào can be used to describe “to” or to “arrive”, so in this case it’s the train that goes from Beijing to, that is arrives at, Shanghai. Just like in English if you said the names in reverse you would be buying a ticket in the other direction from Shanghai to Beijing, which in this case isn’t what is being asked for.

yào háishi zuò piào
yào wòpù háishì zuò piào
You want bed or seat ticket

This is very simple structure, as is common in Chinese which is a reasonably concise and to the point language. The customer service person (the ticket seller), could have said “would you like yào (nǐ yào), which is literally “you want” and is again very direct.

xiǎng mǎi zhāng ruǎn de piào
xiǎng mǎi yī zhāng ruǎnwò de piào
I want (to) buy one unit (of) sleeper <posession> ticket

This is a very complete sentence, the customer could have simply answered with “soft sleeper” ruǎn (ruǎnwò), however typically Chinese is a highly contextual language whereby if the other person understands the context, sentences are less verbose, being direct and to the point. I have used this sentence primarily to give the full sentence structure.

xiǎng shénmeshíjiān
xiǎng shénme shíjiān
You want what time go

Here the service staff ask the customer what time they want to go. You might think you could use 什么时候 (shénme shíhòu), however this is not correct. Generally shíhou (shénme) means a point in time, while shíjiān (shíjiān) refers to a period of time, however shíjiān also refers to clock time, so in this instance as the customer is being asked what time on the clock they want to depart, 时间 is more appropriate.

míngtiān shídiǎn zǎoshang
míngtiān shí diǎn zǎoshang
Tomorrow 10 o’clock morning (am)

This sentence is quite simple, it is really the equivalent of “tomorrow (at) 10am” or “tomorrow (at) 10 o’clock in the morning”.

yǒu tàng huǒchē shì diǎnbàn
yǒu yī tàng huǒchē shì bā diǎn bàn
There is one (trip) train is 8:30
tàng huǒchē shì shídiǎn
yī tàng huǒchē shì shí diǎn yī kè
one (trip) train is 10:15

This is a long sentence which could be condensed. Here tàng (yī tàng) means one trip, where tàng is a classifier (measure word) for trips. With regards to the pronunciation of time, here we have two times

  • 9:30 could be written in Chinese as diǎnbàn, where jiǔ is the number nine (see my post on numbers), diǎn is the equivalent of “o’clock” in English and bàn means half, meaning that diǎnbàn means literally 8 o’lock and a half.
  • 10:15 which can be written in Chinese as shídiǎn, where 十 is the number ten and means “one quarter”. This is the same in English where we say “a quarter past ten.
yào chéng jiǔdiǎnbàn kāi de huǒchē
yào chéng jiǔ diǎn bàn
kāi de huǒ chē
I want ride 9:30 leave /
departs
<possession> train

This sentence is very simple and follows the common yào or “I want” format. Firstly note the use of chéng, which means to ride, as they are saying the want to ride (to take) a specific train.

Next notice the use of de to describe which train. If the customer was stating that they want to take the train as opposed to a bus, they could just say “I want (to) ride the bus” yàochénghuǒchē (wǒ yào chéng huǒchē). In this dialogue however we know the customer is planning on taking the train, instead what needs to be communicated is which train. What the customer wants is the 9:30 train, or more specifically the train which departs (kāi) at the 9:30, the 9:30 departing train 99::3300kāidehuǒchē. It is for this reason we use de to attribute the time to the train. One way of thinking about 的 in this sentence is to imagine using brackets, the customer is saying “I want to ride the (9:30 departing) train”. I talk more about 的 in my post on how to use de in Chinese.

shì bǎishíyuán
shì yībǎi wǔshí yuán
that is one hundred and fifty yuan

Here the customer service person simply states the price. 元 is the measure of currency in China. You can learn more about making payment by credit card in my post here and also about counting in Chinese in my post on how to count in Chinese.

xièxie
xièxiè
thank you

xièxie is the word for “thank you” in Chinese, which you should be familiar with. You can learn some additional basic Chinese vocabulary in my post on the top 25 Chinese phrases for tourists.

zhè shì de piào língqián
zhè shì nǐ de piào língqián
this is your ticket and change

This sentence follows the same structure as you would use in English. A point to note here is the use of i(yǔ) instead of (hé). The speaker could have used and instead said piàolíngqián, however is a little more informal.

xièxie
xièxiè
thank you

Vocabulary for Long Distance Trains

English Chinese Pronunciations (Pinyin)
(train) line 线xiàn xiàn
subway map tiě线xiàn dìtiě lùxiàn tú
passenger chéng chéngkè
Topup chōngzhí chōngzhí
prepaid card chōngzhí chōngzhí kǎ
public transport card gōngjiāo gōngjiāo kǎ
expiration xiàn qíxiàn
get on the bus / get in the card shàngchē shàng chē
get off the bus / get out the car xiàchē xià chē
to take a train or bus
public toilet gōnggòngsuǒ gōnggòng cèsuǒ
Ticket Gate jiǎnpiàokǒu jiǎnpiào kǒu
Ticket Gate jiǎnpiàokǒu jiǎnpiào kǒu
Ticket Gate piàozhámén piào zhámén
Ticket Clerk jiǎnpiàoyuán jiǎnpiào yuán
Automatic Ticket Gate dòngjiǎnpiàokǒu zìdòng jiǎnpiào kǒu
Red Line hóng线xiàn hóngxiàn
Yellow Line huáng线xiàn huáng xiàn
Orange Line chéng线xiàn chéng xiàn
Green Line 绿线xiàn lǜ xiàn
Black Line hēi线xiàn hēi xiàn
White Line bái线xiàn bái xiàn
Blue Line lán线xiàn lán xiàn
train door chēmén chēmén
door mén mén
express service kuàichē kuàichē
timetable shíbiǎo shíkè biǎo
ticket office shòupiàotíng shòupiào tíng
platform yuètái yuè tái
waiting room hòuchēshì hòuchē shì
lost and found shīzhāolǐngchù shīwù zhāolǐng chù
imformation desk xúnwèntái xúnwèn tái
hall chēzhàntīng chēzhàn dàtīng
terminal zhōngdiǎnzhàn zhōngdiǎn zhàn
replacement ticket piào bǔpiào
southbound nánxiàng nán xiàng
northbound běixiàng běixiàng
eastbound dōngxiàng dōng xiàng
westbound 西xiàng xīxiàng
high speed train gāotiě gāotiě
high speed train gāolièchē gāosù lièchē
destination mùdì de
stopping tíngkàozhàn tíngkào zhàn
carriage chēxiāng chēxiāng
tram diànchē diànchē
express kuàichē kuàichē
booking office shòupiàochù shòupiào chù
timetable lièchēshíbiǎo lièchē shíkè biǎo
train / platform sign lièchēzhǐshìpái lièchē zhǐshì pái
express train kuàichē kuàichē
local train mànchē mànchē
soft / cushion seats ruǎnzuò ruǎn zuò
ordinary seats yìngzuò yìngzuò
soft sleeper (a soft bunk) ruǎn ruǎnwò
hard sleeper (a hard bunk) yìng yìngwò
pay the excess train fare piào bǔpiào
wairting room hòuchēshì hòuchē shì
platform-ticket yuètáipiào yuè tái piào
dining car cānchē cānchē
carriage chēxiāng chēxiāng
luggage storage office xínglicúnchù xínglǐ jìcún chù
passport zhào hùzhào
middle berth (sleeper) zhōng zhōng pù
upper berth (sleeper) shàng shàng pù
lower berth (sleeper) xià xià pù
hard sleeper yìng yìngwò
soft sleeper ruǎn ruǎnwò
hard seat yìngzuò yìngzuò
soft seat ruǎnzuò ruǎn zuò

Useful Chinese Phrases for Long Distance Trains

English Chinese Pronunciations (Pinyin)
How often do the trains run? huǒchēduōjiǔkāibān? huǒchē duōjiǔ kāi yī bān?
Which line should I take to the airport? dàofēichǎngyàotiáo线xiàn? dào fēijī chǎng yào dā nǎ tiáo xiàn?
Let me take a look at the subway map ràngkànxiàtiě线xiàn ràng wǒ kàn yīxià dìtiě lùxiàn tú
Don’t obstruct the path of the people alighting from the train biédǎngzhùchéngxiàchēde bié dǎngzhù chéngkè xià chē de lù
Wait behind the the line děngzàihòuchē线xiàndehòumiàn děng zài hòuchē xiàn de hòumiàn
Stand behind the yellow line zhànzàihuáng线xiàndehòumiàn zhàn zài huáng xiàn de hòumiàn
Where should we get off? menyīnggāixiàchē?? wǒmen yīnggāi nǎlǐ xià chē?
Please don’t lean against the doors qǐngkàochēmén qǐng wù yǐkào chēmén
Watch your step xiǎoxīntáijiē xiǎoxīn táijiē
Watch your hands xiǎoxīnjiāshǒu xiǎoxīn jiā shǒu
What do you want, cushion seat, ordinary seat, cushion berth, ordinary berth? nínyàoruǎnzuòyìngzuòháishiruǎnyìng? nín yào ruǎn zuò yìngzuò háishì ruǎnwò yìngwò?
I would like a hard sleeper xiǎngmǎizhāngyìngdepiào Wǒ xiǎng mǎi yī zhāng yìngwò de piào
I would like a soft sleeper xiǎngmǎizhāngruǎndepiào wǒ xiǎng mǎi yī zhāng ruǎnwò de piào
I would like a hard seat xiǎngmǎizhāngyìngzuòdepiào wǒ xiǎng mǎi yī zhāng yìngzuò de piào
I would like a soft seat xiǎngmǎizhāngruǎnzuòdepiào wǒ xiǎng mǎi yī zhāng ruǎn zuò de piào
If possible I’d like a soft sleeper guǒdehuàxiǎngyàoruǎn rúguǒ kěyǐ dehuà wǒ xiǎng yào ruǎnwò
I’d like a soft sleeper from Beijing to Shanghai. yàozhāngcóngBěijīngdàoShànghǎideruǎn wǒ yào yī zhāng cóng běijīng dào shànghǎi de ruǎnwò
Can I get to the airpot from this stop? cóngzhèzhànxiàchēnéngzǒudàofēichǎngma? wǒ cóng zhè zhàn xià chē néng zǒu dào fēijī chǎng ma?
Watch your step. xiǎoxīntáijiē xiǎoxīn táijiē
Watch your hands. xiǎoxīnjiāshǒu xiǎoxīn jiā shǒu
Don’t lean on the door qǐngkàochēmén qǐng wù yǐkào chēmén